It's actually two different images, and they are using:
background-attachment:fixed
on each of the images. The way this CSS selector works is like having an element with a fixed position, but it's only visible when the element that it's placed inside is visible in that location. So at the top of that document, the image is in the head, so its visible. Then as you scroll, the head becomes non-visible (by scrolling up) and so the image disappears, but the second image becomes visible, because the section which it is in becomes visible in that spot.